feat: init fitness-coach (backend + miniprogram)

- backend: NestJS service with exercise/plan data - miniprogram: WeChat mini program client - exclude node_modules, dist, runtime data-store, local env
2026-07-22 00:35:40 +08:00
commit b3b58e66fb
103 changed files with 154759 additions and 0 deletions
--- a/backend/src/app.module.ts
+++ b/backend/src/app.module.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import * as fs from 'fs';
+import * as path from 'path';
+import { ServeStaticModule } from '@nestjs/serve-static';
+import { ExercisesModule } from './exercises/exercises.module';
+import { AuthModule } from './auth/auth.module';
+import { UsersModule } from './users/users.module';
+import { FavoritesModule } from './favorites/favorites.module';
+import { PlansModule } from './plans/plans.module';
+
+// 若 backend/media 目录存在（放有 images/ 与 videos/），则通过 /media 暴露静态资源
+const mediaDir = path.join(__dirname, '..', 'media');
+const staticImports = fs.existsSync(mediaDir)
+  ? [ServeStaticModule.forRoot({ rootPath: mediaDir, serveRoot: '/media' })]
+  : [];
+
+@Module({
+  imports: [
+    ExercisesModule,
+    AuthModule,
+    UsersModule,
+    FavoritesModule,
+    PlansModule,
+    ...staticImports,
+  ],
+})
+export class AppModule {}
--- a/backend/src/auth/auth.controller.ts
+++ b/backend/src/auth/auth.controller.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { Body, Controller, Get, Post, UseGuards } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { AuthService } from './auth.service';
+import { LoginDto } from './dto/login.dto';
+import { AuthGuard } from '../common/auth.guard';
+import { CurrentUser } from '../common/current-user.decorator';
+
+@Controller('api/auth')
+export class AuthController {
+  constructor(private readonly auth: AuthService) {}
+
+  @Post('login')
+  login(@Body() dto: LoginDto) {
+    return this.auth.login(dto.code, dto.userInfo);
+  }
+
+  @Get('me')
+  @UseGuards(AuthGuard)
+  me(@CurrentUser() user: { openid: string }) {
+    return this.auth.me(user.openid);
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/auth/auth.module.ts
+++ b/backend/src/auth/auth.module.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { AuthService } from './auth.service';
+import { AuthController } from './auth.controller';
+import { UsersModule } from '../users/users.module';
+
+@Module({
+  imports: [UsersModule],
+  controllers: [AuthController],
+  providers: [AuthService],
+  exports: [AuthService],
+})
+export class AuthModule {}
--- a/backend/src/auth/auth.service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/auth/auth.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+import { Injectable, UnauthorizedException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { LoginDto, devOpenid } from './dto/login.dto';
+import { signToken } from '../common/token';
+import { UsersService } from '../users/users.service';
+
+export interface LoginResult {
+  token: string;
+  user: {
+    openid: string;
+    nickname: string;
+    avatar: string;
+    createdAt: string;
+  };
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+export class AuthService {
+  constructor(private readonly users: UsersService) {}
+
+  async login(code: string, userInfo?: LoginDto['userInfo']): Promise<LoginResult> {
+    const openid = await this.resolveOpenid(code);
+
+    // 首次登录自动建号；若携带 userInfo 则同步昵称/头像
+    let user = this.users.findByOpenid(openid);
+    if (!user) {
+      user = this.users.create({
+        openid,
+        nickname: userInfo?.nickname,
+        avatar: userInfo?.avatar,
+      });
+    } else if (userInfo?.nickname || userInfo?.avatar) {
+      user = this.users.update(openid, {
+        ...(userInfo.nickname ? { nickname: userInfo.nickname } : {}),
+        ...(userInfo.avatar ? { avatar: userInfo.avatar } : {}),
+      });
+    }
+
+    return {
+      token: signToken(openid),
+      user: {
+        openid: user.openid,
+        nickname: user.nickname,
+        avatar: user.avatar,
+        createdAt: user.createdAt,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  /** 解析 openid：生产走 code2session，开发模式降级为虚拟 openid */
+  private async resolveOpenid(code: string): Promise<string> {
+    const appid = process.env.WX_APPID;
+    const secret = process.env.WX_SECRET;
+
+    if (appid && secret && code && code !== 'tourist' && code !== 'mock') {
+      try {
+        const url =
+          `https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/jscode2session?appid=${appid}` +
+          `&secret=${secret}&js_code=${encodeURIComponent(code)}&grant_type=authorization_code`;
+        const res = await fetch(url);
+        const json = (await res.json()) as {
+          openid?: string;
+          errcode?: number;
+          errmsg?: string;
+        };
+        if (json.openid) return json.openid;
+        // 失败则降级，避免阻塞开发
+        return devOpenid(code);
+      } catch {
+        return devOpenid(code);
+      }
+    }
+    return devOpenid(code);
+  }
+
+  me(openid: string) {
+    const user = this.users.findByOpenid(openid);
+    if (!user) throw new UnauthorizedException('用户不存在，请重新登录');
+    return {
+      openid: user.openid,
+      nickname: user.nickname,
+      avatar: user.avatar,
+      createdAt: user.createdAt,
+    };
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/auth/dto/login.dto.ts
+++ b/backend/src/auth/dto/login.dto.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+import { IsString, IsOptional, IsObject } from 'class-validator';
+
+export class LoginDto {
+  @IsString()
+  code: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsObject()
+  userInfo?: { nickname?: string; avatar?: string };
+}
+
+/** 开发模式（未配置 APPID/SECRET）下，依据 code 生成稳定的虚拟 openid */
+export function devOpenid(code: string): string {
+  // 延迟引入避免循环；crypto 在 token.ts 已用，这里直接 require
+  // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-var-requires
+  const crypto = require('crypto');
+  return 'dev_' + crypto.createHash('sha256').update(code || 'tourist').digest('hex').slice(0, 16);
+}
+
+export const PLAN_LEVELS = ['beginner', 'intermediate', 'advanced', 'all'] as const;
+export type PlanLevel = (typeof PLAN_LEVELS)[number];
+
+export function isPlanLevel(v: unknown): v is PlanLevel {
+  return typeof v === 'string' && (PLAN_LEVELS as readonly string[]).includes(v);
+}
+
+export class UpdateProfileDto {
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  nickname?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  avatar?: string;
+}
--- a/backend/src/common/auth.guard.ts
+++ b/backend/src/common/auth.guard.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+import {
+  CanActivate,
+  ExecutionContext,
+  UnauthorizedException,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { verifyToken } from './token';
+
+/** 从 Authorization: Bearer <token> 中解析并校验登录态，注入 req.user */
+export class AuthGuard implements CanActivate {
+  canActivate(context: ExecutionContext): boolean {
+    const req = context.switchToHttp().getRequest();
+    const header = req.headers['authorization'] || '';
+    const m = /^Bearer\s+(.+)$/i.exec(header);
+    if (!m) throw new UnauthorizedException('请先登录');
+    const payload = verifyToken(m[1]);
+    if (!payload) throw new UnauthorizedException('登录已过期，请重新登录');
+    req.user = { openid: payload.openid };
+    return true;
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/common/current-user.decorator.ts
+++ b/backend/src/common/current-user.decorator.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+import { createParamDecorator, ExecutionContext } from '@nestjs/common';
+
+/** 取出 AuthGuard 注入的当前用户 openid: @CurrentUser() user: { openid: string } */
+export const CurrentUser = createParamDecorator(
+  (_data: unknown, ctx: ExecutionContext) => ctx.switchToHttp().getRequest().user,
+);
--- a/backend/src/common/store.ts
+++ b/backend/src/common/store.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import * as fs from 'fs';
+import * as path from 'path';
+
+/**
+ * 轻量级文件持久化存储（单进程内单例）。
+ * 每个 name 对应 backend/data-store/<name>.json，启动时从磁盘加载，
+ * 每次写操作整体落盘。适合 demo / 轻量生产前置，避免引入数据库依赖。
+ */
+const ROOT = path.join(process.cwd(), 'data-store');
+
+export class JsonStore<T> {
+  private file: string;
+  private data: T[] = [];
+
+  constructor(name: string) {
+    this.file = path.join(ROOT, `${name}.json`);
+    if (fs.existsSync(this.file)) {
+      try {
+        this.data = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(this.file, 'utf-8'));
+      } catch {
+        this.data = [];
+      }
+    } else {
+      fs.mkdirSync(ROOT, { recursive: true });
+      this.data = [];
+      this.flush();
+    }
+  }
+
+  private flush() {
+    fs.writeFileSync(this.file, JSON.stringify(this.data, null, 2));
+  }
+
+  all(): T[] {
+    return this.data;
+  }
+
+  find(pred: (x: T) => boolean): T | undefined {
+    return this.data.find(pred);
+  }
+
+  filter(pred: (x: T) => boolean): T[] {
+    return this.data.filter(pred);
+  }
+
+  insert(item: T): T {
+    this.data.push(item);
+    this.flush();
+    return item;
+  }
+
+  update(pred: (x: T) => boolean, patch: Partial<T>): T | undefined {
+    const it = this.data.find(pred);
+    if (!it) return undefined;
+    Object.assign(it, patch);
+    this.flush();
+    return it;
+  }
+
+  remove(pred: (x: T) => boolean): boolean {
+    const i = this.data.findIndex(pred);
+    if (i >= 0) {
+      this.data.splice(i, 1);
+      this.flush();
+      return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+const singletons: Record<string, JsonStore<any>> = {};
+
+/** 进程内单例：同一 name 始终返回同一实例，避免多服务各自加载导致写覆盖 */
+export function getStore<T>(name: string): JsonStore<T> {
+  if (!singletons[name]) singletons[name] = new JsonStore<T>(name);
+  return singletons[name] as JsonStore<T>;
+}
--- a/backend/src/common/token.ts
+++ b/backend/src/common/token.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import * as crypto from 'crypto';
+
+/**
+ * 极简 token：base64url(payload).HMAC-SHA256(payload)
+ * 不依赖数据库会话，payload 内含 openid 与过期时间，校验时重算签名即可。
+ * 生产环境请通过环境变量 JWT_SECRET 设置强密钥。
+ */
+const SECRET = process.env.JWT_SECRET || 'fitcoach-dev-secret';
+const TTL = 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000; // 30 天
+
+export interface TokenPayload {
+  openid: string;
+  iat: number;
+  exp: number;
+}
+
+export function signToken(openid: string): string {
+  const payload: TokenPayload = {
+    openid,
+    iat: Date.now(),
+    exp: Date.now() + TTL,
+  };
+  const body = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(payload)).toString('base64url');
+  const sig = crypto.createHmac('sha256', SECRET).update(body).digest('base64url');
+  return `${body}.${sig}`;
+}
+
+export function verifyToken(token: string): TokenPayload | null {
+  try {
+    const [body, sig] = token.split('.');
+    if (!body || !sig) return null;
+    const expected = crypto.createHmac('sha256', SECRET).update(body).digest('base64url');
+    // 防时序攻击的常量比较
+    if (sig.length !== expected.length) return null;
+    if (!crypto.timingSafeEqual(Buffer.from(sig), Buffer.from(expected))) return null;
+    const data = JSON.parse(Buffer.from(body, 'base64url').toString()) as TokenPayload;
+    if (!data.exp || data.exp < Date.now()) return null;
+    return data;
+  } catch {
+    return null;
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/data/collections.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/data/collections.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+import { CollectionDef } from '../exercises.interface';
+
+/**
+ * 智能训练组合（训练分化 / 场景化动作包）
+ * 每个组合通过 filter 条件在服务端实时解析动作，无需预存列表。
+ */
+export const COLLECTIONS: CollectionDef[] = [
+  {
+    slug: 'push',
+    name: '推日训练',
+    nameEn: 'Push Day',
+    emoji: '💪',
+    color: '#FF6B6B',
+    description: '胸、肩、肱三头肌为主，适合「推」类动作的集中刺激。',
+    level: 'intermediate',
+    durationWeeks: 8,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 2,
+    focus: '胸肩三头均衡发展',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['chest', 'shoulders'] },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'pull',
+    name: '拉日训练',
+    nameEn: 'Pull Day',
+    emoji: '🪢',
+    color: '#4D96FF',
+    description: '背、肱二头、前臂为主，强化「拉」类动作与背部厚度。',
+    level: 'intermediate',
+    durationWeeks: 8,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 2,
+    focus: '背部厚度与手臂线条',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['back', 'lower arms', 'upper arms'] },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'legs',
+    name: '腿部训练',
+    nameEn: 'Leg Day',
+    emoji: '🦵',
+    color: '#6BCB77',
+    description: '大腿与小腿全覆盖，打造下肢力量与线条。',
+    level: 'advanced',
+    durationWeeks: 10,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 2,
+    focus: '下肢力量与围度突破',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['upper legs', 'lower legs'] },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'core',
+    name: '核心训练',
+    nameEn: 'Core Day',
+    emoji: '🔥',
+    color: '#FFD93D',
+    description: '腰腹核心集中训练，提升稳定性与体态。',
+    level: 'beginner',
+    durationWeeks: 4,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 3,
+    focus: '腰腹稳定与体态改善',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['waist'], limit: 16 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'upper',
+    name: '上肢训练',
+    nameEn: 'Upper Body',
+    emoji: '🦾',
+    color: '#9B72FF',
+    description: '胸背肩臂全覆盖，一次练透上半身。',
+    level: 'intermediate',
+    durationWeeks: 8,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 3,
+    focus: '上半身整体塑形',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['chest', 'back', 'shoulders', 'upper arms', 'lower arms', 'neck'] },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'full',
+    name: '全身训练',
+    nameEn: 'Full Body',
+    emoji: '🌟',
+    color: '#FF9F45',
+    description: '力量与柔韧动作组合，适合全身性训练日。',
+    level: 'beginner',
+    durationWeeks: 6,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 3,
+    focus: '零基础全身激活',
+    filter: { type: ['strength', 'flexibility'], limit: 18 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'home',
+    name: '居家无器械',
+    nameEn: 'Home / No Equipment',
+    emoji: '🏠',
+    color: '#38C6C0',
+    description: '仅需自重即可完成，足不出户也能练。',
+    level: 'beginner',
+    durationWeeks: 6,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 4,
+    focus: '自重也能练出线条',
+    filter: { equipment: ['body weight', 'none'], excludeBodyParts: ['cardio'], limit: 18 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'cardio',
+    name: '有氧心肺',
+    nameEn: 'Cardio',
+    emoji: '🏃',
+    color: '#FF7BAC',
+    description: '提升心肺耐力与燃脂效率的有氧动作。',
+    level: 'beginner',
+    durationWeeks: 4,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 4,
+    focus: '心肺耐力与燃脂',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['cardio'], limit: 14 },
+  },
+  // ===== 新增：按训练水平分级的官方推荐计划 =====
+  {
+    slug: 'beginner-7day',
+    name: '新手七天全身',
+    nameEn: '7-Day Starter',
+    emoji: '🌱',
+    color: '#7CD992',
+    description: '零基础友好，自重为主，用一周建立正确动作模式与训练习惯。',
+    level: 'beginner',
+    durationWeeks: 4,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 3,
+    focus: '建立动作基础与训练习惯',
+    filter: { equipment: ['body weight', 'none'], type: ['strength'], excludeBodyParts: ['cardio'], limit: 12 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'beginner-fatburn',
+    name: '新手燃脂起步',
+    nameEn: 'Fat Burn Kickstart',
+    emoji: '🔥',
+    color: '#FF9F68',
+    description: '低门槛有氧 + 自重循环，轻松开启燃脂第一步。',
+    level: 'beginner',
+    durationWeeks: 4,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 4,
+    focus: '低门槛高效燃脂',
+    filter: { type: ['cardio', 'strength'], equipment: ['body weight', 'none'], limit: 14 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'intermediate-hypertrophy',
+    name: '进阶增肌分化',
+    nameEn: 'Hypertrophy Split',
+    emoji: '📈',
+    color: '#C792EA',
+    description: '系统分化训练，以肌肥大为目标，覆盖全身主要肌群。',
+    level: 'intermediate',
+    durationWeeks: 12,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 5,
+    focus: '系统增肌 · 肌肥大优先',
+    filter: { type: ['strength'], limit: 24 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'intermediate-strength',
+    name: '进阶力量推拉腿',
+    nameEn: 'Strength PPL',
+    emoji: '🏋️',
+    color: '#5AA9FF',
+    description: '推/拉/腿经典分化，专注复合动作与力量提升。',
+    level: 'intermediate',
+    durationWeeks: 12,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 4,
+    focus: '复合动作力量进阶',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['chest', 'back', 'shoulders', 'upper legs', 'lower legs'], limit: 20 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'advanced-athlete',
+    name: '高级竞技爆发',
+    nameEn: 'Athletic Power',
+    emoji: '⚡',
+    color: '#FF5C8A',
+    description: '高负荷器械训练，面向进阶者的力量与爆发力进阶。',
+    level: 'advanced',
+    durationWeeks: 12,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 5,
+    focus: '最大力量与爆发力',
+    filter: { equipment: ['barbell', 'dumbbell', 'kettlebell'], type: ['strength'], limit: 22 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'mobility-recovery',
+    name: '舒展放松恢复',
+    nameEn: 'Mobility & Recovery',
+    emoji: '🧘',
+    color: '#5FD0C5',
+    description: '柔韧与放松动作，缓解久坐疲劳，改善活动度。',
+    level: 'all',
+    durationWeeks: 0,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 5,
+    focus: '柔韧改善与日常恢复',
+    filter: { type: ['flexibility'], limit: 14 },
+  },
+  {
+    slug: 'female-toning',
+    name: '女子塑形紧致',
+    nameEn: 'Tone & Sculpt',
+    emoji: '🌸',
+    color: '#FF8FB1',
+    description: '针对腰腹、臀腿与肩臂的塑形组合，紧致线条不粗壮。',
+    level: 'intermediate',
+    durationWeeks: 8,
+    sessionsPerWeek: 4,
+    focus: '线条紧致与体态雕琢',
+    filter: { bodyParts: ['waist', 'upper legs', 'lower legs', 'shoulders'], limit: 18 },
+  },
+];
+
+export function findCollection(slug: string): CollectionDef | undefined {
+  return COLLECTIONS.find((c) => c.slug === slug);
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/data/exercises.json
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/data/exercises.json
--- a/backend/src/exercises/data/labels.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/data/labels.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+/**
+ * 中英文标签映射
+ * 说明：本文件在数据分析阶段由 scripts/analyze.mjs 扫描真实数据集生成，
+ * 未知取值会回退为「首字母大写」的英文原文，保证不丢数据。
+ */
+
+export const BODY_PART_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
+  back: '背部',
+  cardio: '有氧心肺',
+  chest: '胸部',
+  'lower arms': '前臂',
+  'lower legs': '小腿',
+  neck: '颈部',
+  shoulders: '肩部',
+  'upper arms': '上臂',
+  'upper legs': '大腿',
+  waist: '腰腹',
+};
+
+export const EQUIPMENT_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
+  'body weight': '自重',
+  dumbbell: '哑铃',
+  barbell: '杠铃',
+  kettlebell: '壶铃',
+  cable: '钢索',
+  machine: '固定器械',
+  band: '弹力带',
+  'exercise ball': '健身球',
+  'medicine ball': '药球',
+  'ez bar': 'EZ曲杆',
+  'foam roll': '泡沫轴',
+  treadmill: '跑步机',
+  'stationary bike': '固定单车',
+  rope: '战绳',
+  tire: '轮胎',
+  skier: '滑雪训练器',
+  'sled machine': '雪橇机',
+  roller: '滚轮',
+  'elliptical machine': '椭圆机',
+  'olympic barbell': '奥杆',
+  'decline bench': '下斜凳',
+  'flat bench': '平板凳',
+  'pull-up bar': '单杠',
+  'stability ball': '瑞士球',
+  trx: 'TRX悬挂带',
+  'assistance machine': '辅助器械',
+  'bosu ball': 'BOSU半球',
+  'wheel roller': '健腹轮',
+  'leverage machine': '杠杆器械',
+  'smith machine': '史密斯机',
+  weighted: '负重',
+  'ez barbell': 'EZ杠铃',
+  assisted: '辅助器械',
+  'resistance band': '阻力带',
+  'upper body ergometer': '上肢测功仪',
+  'skierg machine': '滑雪机',
+  hammer: '锤',
+  'trap bar': '六角杠',
+  'stepmill machine': '楼梯机',
+  none: '无器械',
+  other: '其他',
+};
+
+export const MUSCLE_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
+  biceps: '肱二头肌',
+  triceps: '肱三头肌',
+  'forearms': '前臂',
+  abs: '腹肌',
+  'abdominals': '腹肌',
+  obliques: '腹斜肌',
+  'pectorals': '胸大肌',
+  'chest': '胸部',
+  'quadriceps': '股四头肌',
+  'hamstrings': '腘绳肌',
+  glutes: '臀大肌',
+  calves: '小腿',
+  'calves ': '小腿',
+  traps: '斜方肌',
+  'upper traps': '上斜方肌',
+  lats: '背阔肌',
+  'lower back': '下背',
+  delts: '三角肌',
+  'shoulders': '肩部',
+  hips: '髋部',
+  adductors: '内收肌',
+  neck: '颈部',
+  'serratus anterior': '前锯肌',
+  'spinal erectors': '竖脊肌',
+  'hip flexors': '髋屈肌',
+  'middle back': '中背',
+  'upper back': '上背',
+  quads: '股四头肌',
+  'cardiovascular system': '心血管系统',
+  spine: '脊柱',
+  abductors: '外展肌',
+  'levator scapulae': '肩胛提肌',
+  trapezius: '斜方肌',
+  deltoids: '三角肌',
+  ankles: '踝部',
+  core: '核心',
+  'rotator cuff': '肩袖',
+  soleus: '比目鱼肌',
+  rhomboids: '菱形肌',
+  'wrist flexors': '腕屈肌',
+  'latissimus dorsi': '背阔肌',
+  'ankle stabilizers': '踝稳定肌',
+  'wrist extensors': '腕伸肌',
+  wrists: '腕部',
+  hands: '手部',
+  'rear deltoids': '后三角肌',
+  brachialis: '肱肌',
+  back: '背部',
+  feet: '足部',
+  'upper chest': '上胸',
+  'sternocleidomastoid': '胸锁乳突肌',
+  groin: '腹股沟',
+};
+
+/** 取标签；缺失时回退为首字母大写的英文原文 */
+export function labelOf(map: Record<string, string>, key: string): string {
+  if (!key) return '';
+  return map[key] ?? key.replace(/\b\w/g, (c) => c.toUpperCase());
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/dto/query-exercises.dto.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/dto/query-exercises.dto.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import { IsOptional, IsString, IsInt, Min, Max, IsIn } from 'class-validator';
+import { Type } from 'class-transformer';
+
+export class QueryExercisesDto {
+  @IsOptional()
+  @Type(() => Number)
+  @IsInt()
+  @Min(1)
+  page = 1;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @Type(() => Number)
+  @IsInt()
+  @Min(1)
+  @Max(50)
+  pageSize = 20;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  bodyPart?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  equipment?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  target?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  muscleGroup?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsIn(['strength', 'cardio', 'flexibility'])
+  type?: 'strength' | 'cardio' | 'flexibility';
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  secondary?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  q?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsIn(['default', 'name'])
+  sort?: 'default' | 'name' = 'default';
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/dto/recommend-query.dto.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/dto/recommend-query.dto.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { IsString, IsOptional, IsInt, Min, Max } from 'class-validator';
+import { Type } from 'class-transformer';
+
+export class RecommendQueryDto {
+  @IsString()
+  target: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  equipment?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @Type(() => Number)
+  @IsInt()
+  @Min(1)
+  @Max(50)
+  limit = 20;
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/exercises.controller.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/exercises.controller.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import {
+  Controller,
+  Get,
+  Query,
+  Param,
+  ParseIntPipe,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ExercisesService } from './exercises.service';
+import { QueryExercisesDto } from './dto/query-exercises.dto';
+import { RecommendQueryDto } from './dto/recommend-query.dto';
+
+@Controller('api')
+export class ExercisesController {
+  constructor(private readonly service: ExercisesService) {}
+
+  @Get('exercises')
+  findAll(@Query() query: QueryExercisesDto) {
+    return this.service.findAll(query);
+  }
+
+  @Get('exercises/:id')
+  findOne(@Param('id') id: string) {
+    return this.service.findOne(id);
+  }
+
+  @Get('categories/body-parts')
+  bodyParts() {
+    return this.service.getBodyPartCategories();
+  }
+
+  @Get('categories/equipment')
+  equipment() {
+    return this.service.getEquipmentCategories();
+  }
+
+  @Get('categories/targets')
+  targets() {
+    return this.service.getTargetCategories();
+  }
+
+  @Get('categories/muscle-groups')
+  muscleGroups() {
+    return this.service.getMuscleGroupCategories();
+  }
+
+  @Get('categories/types')
+  types() {
+    return this.service.getTypeCategories();
+  }
+
+  @Get('recommend')
+  recommend(@Query() dto: RecommendQueryDto) {
+    return this.service.recommend(dto);
+  }
+
+  @Get('collections')
+  collections() {
+    return this.service.listCollections();
+  }
+
+  @Get('collections/:slug/exercises')
+  collectionExercises(
+    @Param('slug') slug: string,
+    @Query('page', new ParseIntPipe({ optional: true })) page = 1,
+    @Query('pageSize', new ParseIntPipe({ optional: true })) pageSize = 20,
+  ) {
+    return this.service.getCollectionExercises(slug, page, pageSize);
+  }
+
+  @Get('search')
+  search(@Query('q') q: string) {
+    return this.service.findAll({ q, page: 1, pageSize: 30 });
+  }
+
+  @Get('stats')
+  stats() {
+    return this.service.stats();
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/exercises.interface.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/exercises.interface.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+/**
+ * 健身动作数据接口定义
+ * 原始数据来自 exercises-dataset（hasaneyldrm/exercises-dataset），
+ * 经后端 normalize 后对外提供结构化、带中文标签的字段。
+ */
+
+/** 数据集原始单条记录 */
+export interface RawExercise {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  category?: string;
+  body_part: string;
+  equipment: string;
+  instructions: Record<string, string>;
+  instruction_steps: Record<string, string[]>;
+  muscle_group: string;
+  secondary_muscles: string[];
+  target: string;
+  media_id: string;
+  image: string;
+  gif_url: string;
+  attribution: string;
+  created_at: string;
+}
+
+/** 锻炼类型 */
+export type ExerciseType = 'strength' | 'cardio' | 'flexibility';
+
+/** 对外暴露（详情）的结构化动作 */
+export interface Exercise {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  bodyPart: string;
+  bodyPartLabel: string;
+  equipment: string;
+  equipmentLabel: string;
+  target: string;
+  targetLabel: string;
+  muscleGroup: string;
+  muscleGroupLabel: string;
+  secondaryMuscles: string[];
+  secondaryMusclesLabels: string[];
+  type: ExerciseType;
+  typeLabel: string;
+  image: string;
+  gifUrl: string;
+  /** 仅保留中英双语说明以控制体积 */
+  instructions: { zh: string; en: string };
+  instructionSteps: { zh: string[]; en: string[] };
+  attribution: string;
+  mediaId: string;
+}
+
+/** 列表项（轻量投影，不含完整说明，保证接口性能） */
+export interface ExerciseSummary {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  bodyPart: string;
+  bodyPartLabel: string;
+  equipment: string;
+  equipmentLabel: string;
+  target: string;
+  targetLabel: string;
+  type: ExerciseType;
+  typeLabel: string;
+  image: string;
+  gifUrl: string;
+}
+
+/** 分类元数据项 */
+export interface CategoryItem {
+  value: string;
+  label: string;
+  count: number;
+  /** 仅 target 分类会附带其所属部位，便于前端按部位分组 */
+  bodyPart?: string;
+  bodyPartLabel?: string;
+}
+
+/** 推荐结果项（带相关性评分与推荐理由） */
+export interface RecommendItem extends ExerciseSummary {
+  score: number;
+  reason: string;
+}
+
+export interface RecommendResult {
+  target: string;
+  targetLabel: string;
+  total: number;
+  items: RecommendItem[];
+}
+
+/** 官方计划难度等级 */
+export type PlanLevel = 'beginner' | 'intermediate' | 'advanced' | 'all';
+
+/** 智能训练组合（官方计划）定义 */
+export interface CollectionDef {
+  slug: string;
+  name: string;
+  nameEn: string;
+  emoji: string;
+  color: string;
+  description: string;
+  /** 难度等级，用于官方计划分级展示 */
+  level?: PlanLevel;
+  /** 周期（周） */
+  durationWeeks?: number;
+  /** 每周训练次数 */
+  sessionsPerWeek?: number;
+  /** 一句话训练目标 */
+  focus?: string;
+  /** 用于服务端解析动作的过滤条件 */
+  filter: {
+    bodyParts?: string[];
+    equipment?: string[];
+    type?: ExerciseType[];
+    excludeBodyParts?: string[];
+    /** 计划动作数量上限，便于组合成「一份计划」而非全部 */
+    limit?: number;
+  };
+}
+
+/** 官方计划按等级分组后的结构 */
+export interface OfficialPlanGroup {
+  level: PlanLevel;
+  label: string;
+  plans: CollectionDef[];
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/exercises.module.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/exercises.module.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ExercisesService } from './exercises.service';
+import { ExercisesController } from './exercises.controller';
+
+@Module({
+  controllers: [ExercisesController],
+  providers: [ExercisesService],
+  exports: [ExercisesService],
+})
+export class ExercisesModule {}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/exercises.service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/exercises.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+import { Injectable, NotFoundException, OnModuleInit } from '@nestjs/common';
+import * as fs from 'fs';
+import * as path from 'path';
+import {
+  Exercise,
+  ExerciseSummary,
+  CategoryItem,
+  RecommendResult,
+  RecommendItem,
+  CollectionDef,
+  RawExercise,
+} from './exercises.interface';
+import { QueryExercisesDto } from './dto/query-exercises.dto';
+import { RecommendQueryDto } from './dto/recommend-query.dto';
+import { normalize, toSummary } from './utils/normalize';
+import { COLLECTIONS, findCollection } from './data/collections';
+import { labelOf, MUSCLE_LABELS } from './data/labels';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class ExercisesService implements OnModuleInit {
+  private exercises: Exercise[] = [];
+  private summaries: ExerciseSummary[] = [];
+
+  onModuleInit() {
+    this.load();
+  }
+
+  private load() {
+    const file = path.join(__dirname, 'data', 'exercises.json');
+    if (!fs.existsSync(file)) {
+      // 数据缺失时给出明确提示，避免静默空返回
+      console.warn(
+        `[exercises] 未找到数据集: ${file}。请先执行仓库根目录的媒体/数据准备脚本，或将 exercises.json 放入 backend/src/exercises/data/。`,
+      );
+      this.exercises = [];
+      this.summaries = [];
+      return;
+    }
+    const raw: RawExercise[] = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync(file, 'utf-8'));
+    this.exercises = raw.map(normalize);
+    this.summaries = this.exercises.map(toSummary);
+    console.log(`[exercises] 已加载 ${this.exercises.length} 条健身动作`);
+  }
+
+  /** 列表查询：分页 + 多维筛选 + 搜索 + 排序 */
+  findAll(query: QueryExercisesDto) {
+    let list = this.exercises;
+
+    if (query.bodyPart) list = list.filter((e) => e.bodyPart === query.bodyPart);
+    if (query.equipment) list = list.filter((e) => e.equipment === query.equipment);
+    if (query.type) list = list.filter((e) => e.type === query.type);
+    if (query.target) list = list.filter((e) => e.target === query.target);
+    if (query.muscleGroup)
+      list = list.filter((e) => e.muscleGroup === query.muscleGroup);
+    if (query.secondary)
+      list = list.filter((e) => e.secondaryMuscles.includes(query.secondary));
+    if (query.q) {
+      const q = query.q.trim().toLowerCase();
+      list = list.filter(
+        (e) =>
+          e.name.toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
+          e.targetLabel.toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
+          e.equipmentLabel.toLowerCase().includes(q) ||
+          e.bodyPartLabel.toLowerCase().includes(q),
+      );
+    }
+
+    if (query.sort === 'name') {
+      list = [...list].sort((a, b) => a.name.localeCompare(b.name));
+    }
+
+    const total = list.length;
+    const page = query.page || 1;
+    const pageSize = query.pageSize || 20;
+    const start = (page - 1) * pageSize;
+    const pageItems = list.slice(start, start + pageSize).map(toSummary);
+
+    return { total, page, pageSize, items: pageItems };
+  }
+
+  findOne(id: string): Exercise {
+    const ex = this.exercises.find((e) => e.id === id);
+    if (!ex) throw new NotFoundException(`动作 ${id} 不存在`);
+    return ex;
+  }
+
+  private countBy(getKey: (e: Exercise) => string | string[]): Map<string, number> {
+    const map = new Map<string, number>();
+    for (const e of this.exercises) {
+      const k = getKey(e);
+      if (Array.isArray(k)) {
+        k.forEach((v) => map.set(v, (map.get(v) || 0) + 1));
+      } else if (k) {
+        map.set(k, (map.get(k) || 0) + 1);
+      }
+    }
+    return map;
+  }
+
+  private toCategory(map: Map<string, number>, labelMap?: Record<string, string>): CategoryItem[] {
+    return Array.from(map.entries())
+      .map(([value, count]) => ({
+        value,
+        label: labelMap ? labelOf(labelMap, value) : value,
+        count,
+      }))
+      .sort((a, b) => b.count - a.count);
+  }
+
+  getBodyPartCategories(): CategoryItem[] {
+    return this.toCategory(this.countBy((e) => e.bodyPart), require('./data/labels').BODY_PART_LABELS);
+  }
+
+  getEquipmentCategories(): CategoryItem[] {
+    return this.toCategory(this.countBy((e) => e.equipment), require('./data/labels').EQUIPMENT_LABELS);
+  }
+
+  getTargetCategories(): CategoryItem[] {
+    // 统计每个 target 对应的部位分布，取出现最多的部位作为分组依据
+    const bpByTarget = new Map<string, Map<string, number>>();
+    for (const e of this.exercises) {
+      if (!bpByTarget.has(e.target)) bpByTarget.set(e.target, new Map());
+      const m = bpByTarget.get(e.target)!;
+      m.set(e.bodyPart, (m.get(e.bodyPart) || 0) + 1);
+    }
+    const items = this.toCategory(this.countBy((e) => e.target), MUSCLE_LABELS);
+    const bpLabels = require('./data/labels').BODY_PART_LABELS;
+    return items.map((it) => {
+      const dist = bpByTarget.get(it.value);
+      let topBp = '';
+      let topCount = -1;
+      dist?.forEach((c, bp) => {
+        if (c > topCount) {
+          topCount = c;
+          topBp = bp;
+        }
+      });
+      return {
+        ...it,
+        bodyPart: topBp,
+        bodyPartLabel: topBp ? labelOf(bpLabels, topBp) : undefined,
+      };
+    });
+  }
+
+  getMuscleGroupCategories(): CategoryItem[] {
+    return this.toCategory(this.countBy((e) => e.muscleGroup), MUSCLE_LABELS);
+  }
+
+  getTypeCategories(): CategoryItem[] {
+    const counts = this.countBy((e) => e.type);
+    const labels: Record<string, string> = { strength: '力量', cardio: '有氧', flexibility: '柔韧' };
+    return Array.from(counts.entries()).map(([value, count]) => ({
+      value,
+      label: labels[value] || value,
+      count,
+    }));
+  }
+
+  /** 核心推荐：按目标肌肉群智能排序 */
+  recommend(dto: RecommendQueryDto): RecommendResult {
+    const target = dto.target;
+    const targetLabel = labelOf(MUSCLE_LABELS, target);
+    const equipment = dto.equipment;
+
+    const scored: RecommendItem[] = [];
+
+    for (const ex of this.exercises) {
+      let score = 0;
+      const reasons: string[] = [];
+
+      // 只有真正训练目标肌群的动作才进入推荐（器械仅作为加分项，不能凭空纳入无关动作）
+      const trainsTarget =
+        ex.target === target || ex.secondaryMuscles.includes(target);
+      if (!trainsTarget) continue;
+
+      if (ex.target === target) {
+        score += 100;
+        reasons.push(`以${targetLabel}为主要训练目标`);
+      }
+      if (ex.secondaryMuscles.includes(target)) {
+        score += 40;
+        reasons.push(`可协同强化${targetLabel}`);
+      }
+
+      if (equipment) {
+        if (ex.equipment === equipment) {
+          score += 30;
+          reasons.push('适配你选择的器械');
+        } else if (ex.equipment === 'body weight') {
+          score += 10;
+          reasons.push('自重即可替代');
+        }
+      }
+
+      scored.push({
+        ...toSummary(ex),
+        score,
+        reason: reasons.join(' · '),
+      });
+    }
+
+    scored.sort((a, b) => b.score - a.score || a.name.localeCompare(b.name));
+    const items = scored.slice(0, dto.limit || 20);
+
+    return { target, targetLabel, total: scored.length, items };
+  }
+
+  listCollections(): CollectionDef[] {
+    return COLLECTIONS;
+  }
+
+  getCollectionExercises(slug: string, page = 1, pageSize = 20) {
+    const def = findCollection(slug);
+    if (!def) throw new NotFoundException(`训练组合 ${slug} 不存在`);
+    let list = this.exercises;
+
+    if (def.filter.bodyParts)
+      list = list.filter((e) => def.filter.bodyParts!.includes(e.bodyPart));
+    if (def.filter.excludeBodyParts)
+      list = list.filter((e) => !def.filter.excludeBodyParts!.includes(e.bodyPart));
+    if (def.filter.equipment)
+      list = list.filter((e) => def.filter.equipment!.includes(e.equipment));
+    if (def.filter.type)
+      list = list.filter((e) => def.filter.type!.includes(e.type));
+
+    // 计划可对动作总数做上限，便于组合成一份可执行的计划
+    if (def.filter.limit && def.filter.limit > 0 && list.length > def.filter.limit) {
+      list = list.slice(0, def.filter.limit);
+    }
+
+    const total = list.length;
+    const start = (page - 1) * pageSize;
+    const items = list.slice(start, start + pageSize).map(toSummary);
+    return { collection: def, total, page, pageSize, items };
+  }
+
+  stats() {
+    return {
+      total: this.exercises.length,
+      bodyParts: this.getBodyPartCategories(),
+      equipment: this.getEquipmentCategories(),
+      types: this.getTypeCategories(),
+    };
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/exercises/utils/normalize.ts
+++ b/backend/src/exercises/utils/normalize.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+import {
+  RawExercise,
+  Exercise,
+  ExerciseSummary,
+  ExerciseType,
+} from '../exercises.interface';
+import {
+  BODY_PART_LABELS,
+  EQUIPMENT_LABELS,
+  MUSCLE_LABELS,
+  labelOf,
+} from '../data/labels';
+
+const MEDIA_BASE_URL = (
+  process.env.MEDIA_BASE_URL || 'https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/hasaneyldrm/exercises-dataset@main'
+).replace(/\/$/, '');
+
+function toMediaUrl(path: string): string {
+  if (!path) return '';
+  if (/^https?:\/\//.test(path)) return path;
+  return `${MEDIA_BASE_URL}/${path}`;
+}
+
+function deriveType(raw: RawExercise): ExerciseType {
+  if (raw.body_part === 'cardio') return 'cardio';
+  const hay = `${raw.name} ${raw.equipment} ${raw.category || ''}`.toLowerCase();
+  const flexKeywords = ['stretch', 'yoga', 'mobility', 'pilates', 'flexibility', 'foam roll'];
+  if (flexKeywords.some((k) => hay.includes(k))) return 'flexibility';
+  return 'strength';
+}
+
+const TYPE_LABELS: Record<ExerciseType, string> = {
+  strength: '力量',
+  cardio: '有氧',
+  flexibility: '柔韧',
+};
+
+export function normalize(raw: RawExercise): Exercise {
+  const type = deriveType(raw);
+  const zh = raw.instructions?.zh || '';
+  const en = raw.instructions?.en || '';
+  const zhSteps = raw.instruction_steps?.zh || [];
+  const enSteps = raw.instruction_steps?.en || [];
+
+  return {
+    id: raw.id,
+    name: raw.name,
+    bodyPart: raw.body_part,
+    bodyPartLabel: labelOf(BODY_PART_LABELS, raw.body_part),
+    equipment: raw.equipment,
+    equipmentLabel: labelOf(EQUIPMENT_LABELS, raw.equipment),
+    target: raw.target,
+    targetLabel: labelOf(MUSCLE_LABELS, raw.target),
+    muscleGroup: raw.muscle_group,
+    muscleGroupLabel: labelOf(MUSCLE_LABELS, raw.muscle_group),
+    secondaryMuscles: raw.secondary_muscles || [],
+    secondaryMusclesLabels: (raw.secondary_muscles || []).map(
+      (m) => labelOf(MUSCLE_LABELS, m),
+    ),
+    type,
+    typeLabel: TYPE_LABELS[type],
+    image: toMediaUrl(raw.image),
+    gifUrl: toMediaUrl(raw.gif_url),
+    instructions: { zh, en },
+    instructionSteps: { zh: zhSteps, en: enSteps },
+    attribution: raw.attribution,
+    mediaId: raw.media_id,
+  };
+}
+
+export function toSummary(ex: Exercise): ExerciseSummary {
+  return {
+    id: ex.id,
+    name: ex.name,
+    bodyPart: ex.bodyPart,
+    bodyPartLabel: ex.bodyPartLabel,
+    equipment: ex.equipment,
+    equipmentLabel: ex.equipmentLabel,
+    target: ex.target,
+    targetLabel: ex.targetLabel,
+    type: ex.type,
+    typeLabel: ex.typeLabel,
+    image: ex.image,
+    gifUrl: ex.gifUrl,
+  };
+}
--- a/backend/src/favorites/favorites.controller.ts
+++ b/backend/src/favorites/favorites.controller.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import {
+  Body,
+  Controller,
+  Delete,
+  Get,
+  Param,
+  Post,
+  UseGuards,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { FavoritesService } from './favorites.service';
+import { AuthGuard } from '../common/auth.guard';
+import { CurrentUser } from '../common/current-user.decorator';
+import { IsString } from 'class-validator';
+
+class FavoriteBody {
+  @IsString()
+  target: string; // exerciseId 或 plan slug
+}
+
+@Controller('api/favorites')
+@UseGuards(AuthGuard)
+export class FavoritesController {
+  constructor(private readonly fav: FavoritesService) {}
+
+  // ---- 动作收藏 ----
+  @Get('exercises')
+  listExercises(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }) {
+    return this.fav.listExercises(u.openid);
+  }
+
+  @Post('exercises')
+  addExercise(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Body() body: FavoriteBody) {
+    return this.fav.addExercise(u.openid, body.target);
+  }
+
+  @Get('exercises/:exerciseId/status')
+  exerciseStatus(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Param('exerciseId') exerciseId: string) {
+    return this.fav.exerciseStatus(u.openid, exerciseId);
+  }
+
+  @Delete('exercises/:exerciseId')
+  removeExercise(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Param('exerciseId') exerciseId: string) {
+    return this.fav.removeExercise(u.openid, exerciseId);
+  }
+
+  // ---- 计划收藏 ----
+  @Get('plans')
+  listPlans(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }) {
+    return this.fav.listPlans(u.openid);
+  }
+
+  @Post('plans')
+  addPlan(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Body() body: FavoriteBody) {
+    return this.fav.addPlan(u.openid, body.target);
+  }
+
+  @Get('plans/:slug/status')
+  planStatus(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Param('slug') slug: string) {
+    return this.fav.planStatus(u.openid, slug);
+  }
+
+  @Delete('plans/:slug')
+  removePlan(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Param('slug') slug: string) {
+    return this.fav.removePlan(u.openid, slug);
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/favorites/favorites.module.ts
+++ b/backend/src/favorites/favorites.module.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { FavoritesService } from './favorites.service';
+import { FavoritesController } from './favorites.controller';
+import { ExercisesModule } from '../exercises/exercises.module';
+
+@Module({
+  imports: [ExercisesModule],
+  controllers: [FavoritesController],
+  providers: [FavoritesService],
+  exports: [FavoritesService],
+})
+export class FavoritesModule {}
--- a/backend/src/favorites/favorites.service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/favorites/favorites.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+import { Injectable, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { randomUUID } from 'crypto';
+import { getStore } from '../common/store';
+import { ExercisesService } from '../exercises/exercises.service';
+import { toSummary } from '../exercises/utils/normalize';
+import { ExerciseSummary, CollectionDef } from '../exercises/exercises.interface';
+import { findCollection } from '../exercises/data/collections';
+
+interface ExerciseFavorite {
+  id: string;
+  openid: string;
+  exerciseId: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+}
+interface PlanFavorite {
+  id: string;
+  openid: string;
+  slug: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+export class FavoritesService {
+  private exStore = getStore<ExerciseFavorite>('favorites-exercises');
+  private planStore = getStore<PlanFavorite>('favorites-plans');
+
+  constructor(private readonly exercises: ExercisesService) {}
+
+  // ---------- 动作收藏 ----------
+  listExercises(openid: string): ExerciseSummary[] {
+    const ids = this.exStore
+      .filter((f) => f.openid === openid)
+      .sort((a, b) => (a.createdAt < b.createdAt ? 1 : -1))
+      .map((f) => f.exerciseId);
+    return ids
+      .map((id) => {
+        try {
+          return toSummary(this.exercises.findOne(id));
+        } catch {
+          return null;
+        }
+      })
+      .filter((x): x is ExerciseSummary => x !== null);
+  }
+
+  addExercise(openid: string, exerciseId: string) {
+    // 校验动作存在（不存在会抛 404）
+    this.exercises.findOne(exerciseId);
+    const exists = this.exStore.find(
+      (f) => f.openid === openid && f.exerciseId === exerciseId,
+    );
+    if (!exists) {
+      this.exStore.insert({
+        id: randomUUID(),
+        openid,
+        exerciseId,
+        createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+      });
+    }
+    return { favorited: true, total: this.exStore.filter((f) => f.openid === openid).length };
+  }
+
+  removeExercise(openid: string, exerciseId: string) {
+    this.exStore.remove((f) => f.openid === openid && f.exerciseId === exerciseId);
+    return { favorited: false, total: this.exStore.filter((f) => f.openid === openid).length };
+  }
+
+  exerciseStatus(openid: string, exerciseId: string) {
+    return {
+      favorited: !!this.exStore.find(
+        (f) => f.openid === openid && f.exerciseId === exerciseId,
+      ),
+    };
+  }
+
+  // ---------- 计划收藏（官方计划） ----------
+  listPlans(openid: string): CollectionDef[] {
+    return this.planStore
+      .filter((f) => f.openid === openid)
+      .sort((a, b) => (a.createdAt < b.createdAt ? 1 : -1))
+      .map((f) => findCollection(f.slug))
+      .filter((c): c is CollectionDef => !!c);
+  }
+
+  addPlan(openid: string, slug: string) {
+    const def = findCollection(slug);
+    if (!def) throw new NotFoundException(`官方计划 ${slug} 不存在`);
+    const exists = this.planStore.find((f) => f.openid === openid && f.slug === slug);
+    if (!exists) {
+      this.planStore.insert({
+        id: randomUUID(),
+        openid,
+        slug,
+        createdAt: new Date().toISOString(),
+      });
+    }
+    return { favorited: true, total: this.planStore.filter((f) => f.openid === openid).length };
+  }
+
+  removePlan(openid: string, slug: string) {
+    this.planStore.remove((f) => f.openid === openid && f.slug === slug);
+    return { favorited: false, total: this.planStore.filter((f) => f.openid === openid).length };
+  }
+
+  planStatus(openid: string, slug: string) {
+    return {
+      favorited: !!this.planStore.find((f) => f.openid === openid && f.slug === slug),
+    };
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/main.ts
+++ b/backend/src/main.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { NestFactory } from '@nestjs/core';
+import { ValidationPipe } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { AppModule } from './app.module';
+
+async function bootstrap() {
+  const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule);
+
+  if (process.env.CORS_ENABLED !== 'false') {
+    app.enableCors();
+  }
+
+  app.useGlobalPipes(
+    new ValidationPipe({
+      transform: true,
+      whitelist: true,
+      transformOptions: { enableImplicitConversion: true },
+    }),
+  );
+
+  const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT || '3000', 10);
+  await app.listen(port);
+  console.log(`🏋️  健身动作推荐后端已启动: http://localhost:${port}`);
+  console.log(`   · 动作列表   GET  /api/exercises`);
+  console.log(`   · 动作详情   GET  /api/exercises/:id`);
+  console.log(`   · 智能推荐   GET  /api/recommend?target=biceps`);
+  console.log(`   · 训练组合   GET  /api/collections`);
+  console.log(`   · 分类元数据 GET  /api/categories/*`);
+  console.log(`   · 微信登录   POST /api/auth/login`);
+  console.log(`   · 我的资料   GET  /api/auth/me  |  PATCH /api/users/me`);
+  console.log(`   · 动作收藏   GET/POST/DELETE /api/favorites/exercises`);
+  console.log(`   · 计划收藏   GET/POST/DELETE /api/favorites/plans`);
+  console.log(`   · 我的计划   GET/POST /api/plans  | 官方计划 GET /api/plans/official`);
+}
+bootstrap();
--- a/backend/src/plans/dto/create-plan.dto.ts
+++ b/backend/src/plans/dto/create-plan.dto.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import { IsString, IsOptional, IsArray } from 'class-validator';
+import { PlanLevel } from '../../auth/dto/login.dto';
+
+export class CreatePlanDto {
+  @IsString()
+  name: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  description?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  emoji?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  color?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsArray()
+  @IsString({ each: true })
+  exerciseIds?: string[];
+}
+
+export class UpdatePlanDto {
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  name?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  description?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  emoji?: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  color?: string;
+}
+
+export class AddExerciseDto {
+  @IsString()
+  exerciseId: string;
+}
+
+export class ImportPlanDto {
+  @IsString()
+  slug: string;
+
+  @IsOptional()
+  @IsString()
+  name?: string;
+}
--- a/backend/src/plans/plans.controller.ts
+++ b/backend/src/plans/plans.controller.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+import {
+  Body,
+  Controller,
+  Delete,
+  Get,
+  Param,
+  Patch,
+  Post,
+  Query,
+  UseGuards,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { PlansService } from './plans.service';
+import { ExercisesService } from '../exercises/exercises.service';
+import { AuthGuard } from '../common/auth.guard';
+import { CurrentUser } from '../common/current-user.decorator';
+import { CreatePlanDto, UpdatePlanDto, AddExerciseDto, ImportPlanDto } from './dto/create-plan.dto';
+import { CollectionDef, PlanLevel, OfficialPlanGroup } from '../exercises/exercises.interface';
+
+const LEVEL_ORDER: PlanLevel[] = ['beginner', 'intermediate', 'advanced', 'all'];
+const LEVEL_LABEL: Record<PlanLevel, string> = {
+  beginner: '新手入门',
+  intermediate: '进阶提升',
+  advanced: '高级挑战',
+  all: '全阶段适用',
+};
+
+@Controller('api/plans')
+@UseGuards(AuthGuard)
+export class PlansController {
+  constructor(
+    private readonly plans: PlansService,
+    private readonly exercises: ExercisesService,
+  ) {}
+
+  @Get()
+  list(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }) {
+    return this.plans.list(u.openid);
+  }
+
+  @Post()
+  create(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Body() dto: CreatePlanDto) {
+    return this.plans.create(u.openid, dto);
+  }
+
+  @Post('import')
+  importFromOfficial(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Body() dto: ImportPlanDto) {
+    return this.plans.importFromOfficial(u.openid, dto);
+  }
+
+  @Get('official')
+  official() {
+    const all = this.exercises.listCollections();
+    const groups: OfficialPlanGroup[] = LEVEL_ORDER.map((level) => ({
+      level,
+      label: LEVEL_LABEL[level],
+      plans: all.filter((c) => (c.level || 'all') === level),
+    })).filter((g) => g.plans.length > 0);
+    return { groups };
+  }
+
+  @Get('official/:slug/exercises')
+  officialExercises(
+    @Param('slug') slug: string,
+    @Query('page') page = 1,
+    @Query('pageSize') pageSize = 20,
+  ) {
+    return this.exercises.getCollectionExercises(slug, Number(page), Number(pageSize));
+  }
+
+  @Get(':id')
+  get(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Param('id') id: string) {
+    return this.plans.get(u.openid, id);
+  }
+
+  @Patch(':id')
+  update(
+    @CurrentUser() u: { openid: string },
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Body() dto: UpdatePlanDto,
+  ) {
+    return this.plans.update(u.openid, id, dto);
+  }
+
+  @Delete(':id')
+  remove(@CurrentUser() u: { openid: string }, @Param('id') id: string) {
+    return this.plans.remove(u.openid, id);
+  }
+
+  @Post(':id/exercises')
+  addExercise(
+    @CurrentUser() u: { openid: string },
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Body() dto: AddExerciseDto,
+  ) {
+    return this.plans.addExercise(u.openid, id, dto.exerciseId);
+  }
+
+  @Delete(':id/exercises/:exerciseId')
+  removeExercise(
+    @CurrentUser() u: { openid: string },
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Param('exerciseId') exerciseId: string,
+  ) {
+    return this.plans.removeExercise(u.openid, id, exerciseId);
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/plans/plans.module.ts
+++ b/backend/src/plans/plans.module.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { PlansService } from './plans.service';
+import { PlansController } from './plans.controller';
+import { ExercisesModule } from '../exercises/exercises.module';
+
+@Module({
+  imports: [ExercisesModule],
+  controllers: [PlansController],
+  providers: [PlansService],
+  exports: [PlansService],
+})
+export class PlansModule {}
--- a/backend/src/plans/plans.service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/plans/plans.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+import { Injectable, NotFoundException, ForbiddenException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { randomUUID } from 'crypto';
+import { getStore } from '../common/store';
+import { ExercisesService } from '../exercises/exercises.service';
+import { toSummary } from '../exercises/utils/normalize';
+import { ExerciseSummary } from '../exercises/exercises.interface';
+import { CreatePlanDto, UpdatePlanDto, ImportPlanDto } from './dto/create-plan.dto';
+
+export interface PlanRecord {
+  id: string;
+  openid: string;
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+  emoji: string;
+  color: string;
+  exerciseIds: string[];
+  createdAt: string;
+  updatedAt: string;
+}
+
+export interface PlanSummary {
+  id: string;
+  name: string;
+  description: string;
+  emoji: string;
+  color: string;
+  exerciseCount: number;
+  coverExerciseId?: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+  updatedAt: string;
+}
+
+export interface PlanDetail extends PlanSummary {
+  exercises: ExerciseSummary[];
+}
+
+const DEFAULT_EMOJI = '📋';
+const PALETTE = ['#D9B36C', '#58C9B9', '#9B72FF', '#FF6B6B', '#4D96FF', '#6BCB77'];
+
+@Injectable()
+export class PlansService {
+  private store = getStore<PlanRecord>('plans');
+
+  constructor(private readonly exercises: ExercisesService) {}
+
+  private toSummary(p: PlanRecord): PlanSummary {
+    return {
+      id: p.id,
+      name: p.name,
+      description: p.description,
+      emoji: p.emoji,
+      color: p.color,
+      exerciseCount: p.exerciseIds.length,
+      coverExerciseId: p.exerciseIds[0],
+      createdAt: p.createdAt,
+      updatedAt: p.updatedAt,
+    };
+  }
+
+  list(openid: string): PlanSummary[] {
+    return this.store
+      .filter((p) => p.openid === openid)
+      .sort((a, b) => (a.updatedAt < b.updatedAt ? 1 : -1))
+      .map((p) => this.toSummary(p));
+  }
+
+  create(openid: string, dto: CreatePlanDto): PlanDetail {
+    const now = new Date().toISOString();
+    const ids = (dto.exerciseIds || []).filter((id) => this.safeExists(id));
+    const plan: PlanRecord = {
+      id: randomUUID(),
+      openid,
+      name: dto.name.trim() || '我的训练计划',
+      description: dto.description?.trim() || '',
+      emoji: dto.emoji || DEFAULT_EMOJI,
+      color: dto.color || PALETTE[this.store.all().length % PALETTE.length],
+      exerciseIds: ids,
+      createdAt: now,
+      updatedAt: now,
+    };
+    this.store.insert(plan);
+    return this.toDetail(plan);
+  }
+
+  private getOwned(openid: string, id: string): PlanRecord {
+    const p = this.store.find((x) => x.id === id);
+    if (!p) throw new NotFoundException(`计划 ${id} 不存在`);
+    if (p.openid !== openid) throw new ForbiddenException('无权访问该计划');
+    return p;
+  }
+
+  get(openid: string, id: string): PlanDetail {
+    return this.toDetail(this.getOwned(openid, id));
+  }
+
+  private toDetail(p: PlanRecord): PlanDetail {
+    const exercises = p.exerciseIds
+      .map((id) => {
+        try {
+          return toSummary(this.exercises.findOne(id));
+        } catch {
+          return null;
+        }
+      })
+      .filter((x): x is ExerciseSummary => x !== null);
+    return { ...this.toSummary(p), exercises };
+  }
+
+  update(openid: string, id: string, dto: UpdatePlanDto): PlanDetail {
+    const patch: Partial<PlanRecord> = { updatedAt: new Date().toISOString() };
+    if (dto.name !== undefined) patch.name = dto.name.trim() || '我的训练计划';
+    if (dto.description !== undefined) patch.description = dto.description.trim();
+    if (dto.emoji !== undefined) patch.emoji = dto.emoji;
+    if (dto.color !== undefined) patch.color = dto.color;
+    const updated = this.store.update((x) => x.id === id && x.openid === openid, patch);
+    if (!updated) throw new NotFoundException(`计划 ${id} 不存在`);
+    return this.toDetail(updated as PlanRecord);
+  }
+
+  remove(openid: string, id: string) {
+    const p = this.getOwned(openid, id);
+    this.store.remove((x) => x.id === p.id);
+    return { deleted: true };
+  }
+
+  addExercise(openid: string, id: string, exerciseId: string): PlanDetail {
+    const p = this.getOwned(openid, id);
+    this.exercises.findOne(exerciseId); // 校验存在
+    if (!p.exerciseIds.includes(exerciseId)) {
+      p.exerciseIds.push(exerciseId);
+      this.store.update((x) => x.id === id, { exerciseIds: p.exerciseIds, updatedAt: new Date().toISOString() });
+    }
+    return this.toDetail(p);
+  }
+
+  removeExercise(openid: string, id: string, exerciseId: string): PlanDetail {
+    const p = this.getOwned(openid, id);
+    p.exerciseIds = p.exerciseIds.filter((x) => x !== exerciseId);
+    this.store.update((x) => x.id === id, { exerciseIds: p.exerciseIds, updatedAt: new Date().toISOString() });
+    return this.toDetail(p);
+  }
+
+  /** 从官方计划一键导入为我的计划 */
+  importFromOfficial(openid: string, dto: ImportPlanDto): PlanDetail {
+    const res = this.exercises.getCollectionExercises(dto.slug, 1, 999);
+    const ids = res.items.map((e) => e.id);
+    return this.create(openid, {
+      name: dto.name?.trim() || `${res.collection.name} · 我的副本`,
+      description: res.collection.description,
+      emoji: res.collection.emoji,
+      color: res.collection.color,
+      exerciseIds: ids,
+    });
+  }
+
+  private safeExists(id: string): boolean {
+    try {
+      this.exercises.findOne(id);
+      return true;
+    } catch {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/users/users.controller.ts
+++ b/backend/src/users/users.controller.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { Body, Controller, Patch, UseGuards } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { UsersService } from './users.service';
+import { UpdateProfileDto } from '../auth/dto/login.dto';
+import { AuthGuard } from '../common/auth.guard';
+import { CurrentUser } from '../common/current-user.decorator';
+
+@Controller('api/users')
+@UseGuards(AuthGuard)
+export class UsersController {
+  constructor(private readonly users: UsersService) {}
+
+  @Patch('me')
+  update(
+    @CurrentUser() user: { openid: string },
+    @Body() dto: UpdateProfileDto,
+  ) {
+    return this.users.update(user.openid, dto);
+  }
+}
--- a/backend/src/users/users.module.ts
+++ b/backend/src/users/users.module.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { UsersService } from './users.service';
+import { UsersController } from './users.controller';
+
+@Module({
+  controllers: [UsersController],
+  providers: [UsersService],
+  exports: [UsersService],
+})
+export class UsersModule {}
--- a/backend/src/users/users.service.ts
+++ b/backend/src/users/users.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { getStore } from '../common/store';
+
+export interface UserRecord {
+  openid: string;
+  nickname: string;
+  avatar: string;
+  createdAt: string;
+  updatedAt: string;
+}
+
+@Injectable()
+export class UsersService {
+  private store = getStore<UserRecord>('users');
+
+  findByOpenid(openid: string): UserRecord | undefined {
+    return this.store.find((u) => u.openid === openid);
+  }
+
+  create(input: { openid: string; nickname?: string; avatar?: string }): UserRecord {
+    const now = new Date().toISOString();
+    const user: UserRecord = {
+      openid: input.openid,
+      nickname: input.nickname?.trim() || '健身学员',
+      avatar: input.avatar || '🏃',
+      createdAt: now,
+      updatedAt: now,
+    };
+    return this.store.insert(user);
+  }
+
+  update(openid: string, patch: { nickname?: string; avatar?: string }): UserRecord {
+    const now = new Date().toISOString();
+    const updated = this.store.update(
+      (u) => u.openid === openid,
+      {
+        ...(patch.nickname !== undefined ? { nickname: patch.nickname.trim() || '健身学员' } : {}),
+        ...(patch.avatar !== undefined ? { avatar: patch.avatar } : {}),
+        updatedAt: now,
+      },
+    );
+    return updated as UserRecord;
+  }
+}